Nurhayati+&+Norsuzzana


 * Title : Trend of Young Male Smoke rs in a Malaysian Public University **

‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍According to definition of Young Male is a teenager or a young adult male. Age range of 13 – 19 is teenager, 20 – 40 is young adult, 40 – 65 is middle adulthood and 65 years above is maturity ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍. From WHO artical, about half Malaysian men smoke. Health Minister, Datuk Chua Jui Meng said about 30% above the age of 30 suffer from up to 40 kinds of illnesses which include heart problems and 57 types of cancer, beside that more than 100,000 youths smoking daily. Statistics show that every day about 50 teenagers below the age of 18 start smoking and most of them become hardcore smokers. In that case, we also looking what trend ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍young adult ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ male smoke, especially in University Students.
 * Background of the Problem**

You might want to look into these websites for crucial information on the trend of smoking. [|WHO Fact Sheets] [|Prostar] [|Nationmaster] [|Quit Clinic Ipoh Malaysia]


 * Problem Statement**
 * -** What exactly are causes young adult smokes

To study the trend of smoking among male part time undergraduates
 * ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍Objective of the Research ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍**

1. At what time young adult started smoke? - Primary school - Secondary school - University - Working
 * Research Questionnaire**

‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍2. How many bar of cigarette a young adult take in a day? ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍

3. Do young adult smoke a cigarette every day, some days or not at all?

4. How has smoking made you feel? - Habit - Just smoked and didn’t think about

5. When do young adult smoke? - After breakfast - After eating - Before bed

6. Where do young adult smoke? - home - work place - Inside the car

7. Why young adult smoke? - Because of influence from friends - Because of background family smoker - Because of family problems - Because of social business

8. Which categories or level are smoker? Heavy smokers or regular smokers? 9. How many young adult spend money in a month to buy cigarette? 10. Have young adult tried to quit?

To create awareness of the dangers of smoking among young adult
 * Significance of the Study**


 * Methodology Data Collection**
 * 1) Questionnaire

1. Article about Health Dangers of Smoking and Nonsmoking
 * Refference**

1.[|The Health of Children and Young People] 2.[|Disadvantages & Bad Effects of smoking] 3.[|Health effects of smoking among young people] 4.[|Smoking - definition of smoking] 5.[|Cigarette Consumption] 6.[|History of Tobacco] 7.[|Tobacco in Malaysia] 8.[|Prevalence and of Smoking and Associated Factors amongMalaysian University Students]
 * Articles**

**TREND OF YOUNG MALE SMOKERS IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY ** **PREPARED FOR : ** MISS SITI KHADIJAH BINTI ABDUL WAHAB **PREPARED BY : ** NORSUZZANA BINTI SHAKRI NURHAYATI BINTI BOLONG ‍17 JULY 2011 ‍ **CHAPTER 1 ** **INTRODUCTION **
 * 1.1 Background of Study **

‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ In 2010 around 6 million people may die because of smoking and most of smokers live in developing countries (WHO n.d). Inside cigarettes more 599 additives and when smokers smoke is produce 4,000 chemical compounds in the air and 69 of those chemical is causes of cancer (Cigarette Ingredients n.d). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Nicotine is the active ingredient in cigarette which is depend on how much amount consumed it can act as either a stimulant or tranquilizer and because of that we can see why some people report that smoking gives them energy and stimulates their mental activity. <span class="hps" style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Usually most of people won’t admit that they are addicted to smoking but they were said a smoking is habit because once we do something over and over again it becomes a habit and the habits are very difficult to stop it. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Smoking is a major problem in Malaysia because about 10,000 smokers die each year. The study shown statistics of smokers in year 2000 are 3.6 million where are 49% of men aged 15 years and above started smoked (Adolescence Health, n.d). Today about 5 million smokers, of there smokers aged 15 years and above 90% are male. They are take cigarettes an average 14 cigarettes per day [Ministry of Health/Ipoh Hospital, 2003]. Every day about 50 teenagers below the age of 18 start smoking. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Smokers start smoking in early young adult. ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍According to definition of young adult is a teenager. Age range of 13 – 19 is teenager, 20 – 40 is young adult, 40 – 65 is middle adulthood and 65 years above is maturity. Among 5,860 teenagers, about 80% that they had ever experiences smoking. Many of them start learn smoking from secondary school and become regular smokers. According research paper (Tobacco Control 2008) most of adult smokers aged 25-39 with 32.90%, many of them from urban area (60.80%) compared a rural area only 39.20%. They were took 11-20 cigarette bars per day. The study also show that most of smokers have a higher income.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1.2 Problem Statement **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Although smokers know about causes and bad effect to they body, they are still smoke. We want know what is the trend of young male smokers in Malaysian Public University and level of awareness because all students today is our leader for next generation. We don't want our leader had disease.

What is the level of awareness

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">This study is carried out to investigate : <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1. To know the trend and awareness of smoking among male undergraduates
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1.3 Purpose of the Study **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1.4 Research Questions **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The research questions are as follows:

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1. What is the current trend of young male smokers in a Malaysian Public University?

2. What is the level of awareness?



Objective of questionnaire

1. Level of knowledge and awareness. 2. Level of tendency smokers.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1.5 Significance of the Study **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">This study hopefully can increase awareness to young male smokers about healthy and overcome with solution to help them from being a heavy smokers.

Punishment to selling cigarettes under age


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">1.6 Scope of Study **

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The scope of study focused on tendency of smokers in Malaysian Public University. Tendency change to Factor

Various quit smoke

This study focused on tendency of smokers in Malaysian Public University. The study conducted through survey on 40 students in University. Methodology of data collections is through questionnaire among student.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 19px;">CHAPTER 2 **

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">LITERATURE REVIEW <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Smoked is tasted or inhaled of smoke in cigarettes, pipes and cigar.... Sue
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">2.1 Definition of Smoking **

**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">2.2 The History of Smoking ** <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,sans-serif;">History of smoking begun between 600 to 900 A.D. which is tobacco was grown by American Indians or we called the Native Americans, they were smoked tobacco through a pipe for special religious and for medical purposes but they did not smoke every day. Cigarettes were commercial in 1865 by Washington Duke on his 300-acres farm in Raleigh, North Carolina. The cigarettes were sold to solders at the end of Civil War. After World War II (1939-1945) production of cigarettes increased up to 300 billion a year and the same time it also sold to women.

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">From research paper on 28 January 2008 about Levels and correlates of awareness of tobacco promotional activities among adult smokers in Malaysia and Thailand: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia (ITC-SEA) Survey to examine the impact of smoke to adult smokers’ awareness. Also from journal was published online 1 September 2004 about Factors Related to Smoking Habits of Male Adolescents to study and identify the factors related to smoke habits among adult smokers. We also refer to literature from Am J Health Behavior 2009 – Smoking Beliefs and Behavior Among Youth in Malaysia and Thailand. This literature was show that behavior/habit of smokers. We are also get input from research paper Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Vol 12, 2011 - Prevalence and of Smoking and Associated Factors amongMalaysian University Students. **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">METHODOLOGY ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The study only for male Malaysian university students which is age range 19 – 40 years. A structured questionnaire was distributed among students and subjects were asked to indicate their reasons for smoking based on factors such as habit, expenditure of cigarette, influence and others. The data was analyzed using SPSS software.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">2.3 Research in Smoking **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Introduction **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Respondents of the Study **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Research Instruments Used **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Research Procedure **


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Data Analysis **

3rd August 2011

FINAL REPORT

**<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">TREND OF YOUNG MALE SMOKERS IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY **

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">**PREPARED FOR :** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">MISS SITI KHADIJAH BINTI ABDUL WAHAB

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">**PREPARED BY :** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">NORSUZZANA BINTI SHAKRI <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">NURHAYATI BINTI BOLONG

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">‍3rd August 2011 <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; text-align: center;">